Phospholipids are major membrane lipids that consist of lipid bilayers. This basic cellular structure acts as a barrier to protect the cell against various environmental insults and more importantly, enables multiple cellular processes to occur in subcellular compartments.

Glycoproteins act as cell surface markers. Glycoproteins perform vital biochemical and structural functions. They enable cells to recognize another cell as familiar or foreign, which is called cell-cell recognition. They also help cells attach to and bind to other cells, which is called cell adhesion.

Nucleoproteins are important for the structure and function of the cell nucleus. They are responsible for the transport of genetic material within the nucleus.